An example of the German neoclassicism, the Neue Wache -New Guard House- is, since 1931, a war memorial.
First constructed 1816-18 as a memorial for those who fell in Napoleonic wars, it was used by the royal guard of the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm III until 1918. Heinrich Tessenow turned it into a "Memorial for Those Who Fell in the Great War" in 1931. After the II World War, it was restored in 1960 as the GDR's "Memorial to the Victims of Fascism and Militarism".
After reunification, Neue Wache became the "Central Memorial of the Federal Republic of Germany to the Victims of War and Tyranny”. Käthe Kollwitz’s sculpture "Mother with dead son" occupies the center of the camber. Located under the oculus, the sculpture is exposed to the snow, rain and cold, symbolizing the suffering of the civilians during World War II.
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